Investments play a key role in ensuring the sustainable development of agriculture, contribute to increasing the production potential and expanding the reproduction of agricultural products. In the article, the authors analyze the current state and determine the trends of investment processes in the agriculture of Ukraine, highlighting the key problems and prospects for the development of investment activities in today's conditions. It has been proven that the agriculture of Ukraine is a significant object for investment, given its significant contribution to the formation of GDP, significant export potential and role in ensuring food security. The authors point out that the increase in capital investments in agriculture in recent years allowed to increase production volumes, introduce advanced technologies and ensure sustainable development of the agricultural sector. With the help of correlation-regression analysis, the existence of a close relationship between the volumes of agricultural production, capital investments and financial results of agricultural enterprises was confirmed. The sustainable development of Ukrainian agriculture is possible through the production of products with high added value, the introduction of climate-oriented and environmentally friendly technologies and the implementation of the concept of “green” growth. In the war and post-war period, the development of the agricultural sector will require complex measures, the attraction of significant investment resources and established interaction between the authorities, agribusiness and society.