Influences of Induced Vibration During Welding Process on Mechanical Properties of Weld Joints: A Comprehensive State-of-the-Art Review
摘要
Welding is the most common manufacturing process in many metal processing industries, although it is susceptible to several defects. Currently, researchers are considering vibration as an influential factor in alleviating weld defects and improving properties. Useful vibration can be generated from mechanical, electromagnetic, and ultrasonic sources. In vibratory welding, weld pool oscillations may be imparted to the weld joint via the work holding devices, welding electrodes/ tools/ guns, or the arc itself to effect oscillation of the weld pool. In this review, the effects of vibration on mechanical properties including tensile strength, hardness, microstructure, elongation, residual stresses, and distribution of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) have been observed. The review also exhibits the influences of vibration in facilitating the discharge of dissolved gasses from the weld pool and suppression of pores, breakdown of columnar metallographic grains into equiaxed fine grains, uniform distribution of microelements, and achieving good weld bead geometry. The review observed some common welding methods such as shielded metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, gas metal arc welding, friction stir welding, cold metal transfer, laser welding, and resistance spot welding techniques under vibratory conditions.