Epilepsy refers to the propensity to generate recurrent unprovoked seizures and ranks among the most common neurological diseases (Beghi, 2019). Seizures are paroxysmal events caused by abnormal excessive and hypersynchronous neuronal activity in the brain and are associated with changes in behavior, movement, sensation, and level of consciousness. Seizures can be broadly characterized as generalized or focal, referring to the hemisphere(s) in which aberrant neurophysiological signaling originates, and are further defined based on symptom onset and episode semiology (Fisher et al., 2017). Etiology is varied; epilepsy can emerge following nearly any neurologic insult, congenital malformations, or genetic syndromes. In cases where no clear precipitant is identified, genetic factors are the presumed etiology. In addition to seizure generation, epilepsy impacts physiological, cognitive, psychological, and social functioning. Epilepsy affects people across the lifespan of all genders, ethnic backgrounds, and socioeconomic classes, though certain demographic factors (e.g., gender and race/ethnicity) confer increased risk for developing epilepsy, as reviewed below. Notably, women with epilepsy (WWE) warrant consideration as a unique subgroup of people with epilepsy based on evidence that they present with distinct seizure etiology (Christensen et al., 2005; Hauser et al., 1993), neuropsychological factors (Lorkiewicz et al., 2023), psychiatric and medical comorbidities (Sullivan-Baca et al., 2022, 2023), and treatment considerations (Knight et al., 2021; Sullivan-Baca et al., 2023; Tomson et al., 2019).