This chapter defines academic medicine and reviews the benefits and downsides of pursuing a career in academic medicine. Academic medicine usually occurs in academic centers associated with medical schools, and physicians who serve as attendings in academic centers must balance the different components of their jobs: clinical practice, teaching, research, and leadership. Academic jobs are not one-size-fits-all and the ratios of different roles within the job can be tailored to each individual’s interests and strengths. Appointments to the faculty of an associated medical school are generally a perk of the job and are considered prestigious; however, the promotions process can be long and tedious and there are minimal benefits in terms of compensation in the form of time or money. Academic positions are ideal for those who love teaching and are able to balance their own learning with the educational needs of others.