The South African wine industry exists as one of the country's oldest sites of global partnerships in the country, beginning in the early years of South African colonialism in the seventeenth century through slave and slave-like labour. As an industry defined by racialised exploitation and dependency on farms, the wine industry has had to demonstrate changes from its history of exploitation to an industry that reflects the democratic values of a new South Africa. Partnerships formed through ethical certifications are considered one way through which the post-apartheid South African wine industry can demonstrate that it has moved away from its exploitative historical practices towards practices of decent work and social transformation. An important international certificatory partner that has allowed local wine producers entry into global wine production networks is Fairtrade International. While Fairtrade certification is often reserved for small-scale producers, this certification has been extended to large-scale, commercial producers within the South African wine industry despite these producers historically being the beneficiaries of colonialism and Apartheid. This section explores the implications of this inclusion in terms of the global partnerships facilitated by this inclusion, and its implications for the social upgrading of farmworkers as a key dimension of decent work.