Far from contributing to economic growth and an equitable distribution of resources, international ‘development’ cooperation has reinforced Haiti's spiral of debt and dependence. It has led to a reduction in public spending and the stripping of state assets. Social and popular movements are committed to building an alternative to this model of ‘development’: social change from below, through the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE). Yet this alternative, which is grounded in the extension of peasant family farming and in opposition to large scale plantations intended primarily for export, is developing in a deleterious macroeconomic context largely shaped by ‘international development cooperation’. This chapter examines the challenges to the viability of SSE in such a context, with particular reference to the acceleration of humanitarian interference in the wake of the earthquake that devastated Haiti's capital on January 12, 2010.