Digital surgery, an emerging paradigm in surgical innovation, is rapidly evolving and encompasses diverse domains. Fundamentally, digital surgery integrates a computer interface between surgeon and patient. This chapter delineates the breadth of digital surgery, clarifies essential concepts, and evaluates the obstacles and prospects inherent in this transformative technology. We discuss the following elements of digital surgery: advanced visualization and augmented reality, enhanced instrumentation, data acquisition, data analytics utilizing artificial intelligence/machine learning, telepresence-enabled connectivity, and robotic surgical platforms. Digital surgery has the potential to enhance healthcare delivery across all tiers; the surgical community holds a pivotal role in comprehending, advancing, and steering this growing field.