Mathematician Giuseppe Peano was a leading exponent in Mathematical logic in Italy between the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century. After Peano and his school, there was no more research in logic in Italy until the early 1960s, when a “renaissance” of Italian logic began. The community of logicians that was formed during that period was later involved in the debate on the role of logic in school programs and in teacher training. In this article we analyze how some contents of mathematical logic have become part, with some difficulty, of various mathematics curricula, from primary school to secondary school.