The modern mathematics reforms were widely implemented in the West throughout the 1960s. The modalities of each individual case were defined by the various national contexts. The Greek case is highly interesting because of the distinctive place that mathematics holds in the Greek mentality. The combination of a very conservative political and ideological climate of the 1960s and an efficient (albeit controversial) promotion at the outset of the reforms resulted in a compromising arrangement according to which modern mathematics would be set side-by-side to traditional mathematics. The Hellenic Mathematical Society (HMS) played a crucial role in introducing and implementing the modern mathematics reform. Indeed, HMS and its top executives participated in all reform committees. In addition, HMS upgraded its influence towards the student population using two initiatives which were set in motion in the 1930s: the periodical “Appendix of the Bulletin of HMS” and the high-school mathematics competition. Indeed, in the framework of the 1960s, these initiatives were repurposed and utilized to promote the modern mathematics reform.