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Screening of the elemental composition of hair in newborn calves is one noninvasive method to assess the availability of trace elements in animals during the prenatal ontogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trace element contents in the tail hair of newborn calves with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and in subjects with normal physiological development, which can enhance our understanding of the role of natural trace elements deficiency in the genesis of IUGR in cattle. The research was conducted in the Lower Volga Region (Russia); this region has soils and pasture plants that are deficient in selenium, copper, and cobalt. Eighteen Simmental calves with IUGR and 24 healthy individuals with normal physiological development were examined on the 1st day after birth. IUGR was diagnosed based on an ultrasound examination (Easi-Scan-3 scanner, BCF Technology Ltd., UK) of mothers at 38–45, 60–65, and 110–115 days of gestation according to a protocol previously established and published. The quantitative contents of trace elements (As, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn) in the tail hair were determined by mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (Nexion 300D, Perkin Elmer, USA). Results were presented as the mean ± standard error of mean, in μg/g. The significant differences between groups were determined using the independent-samples Mann–Whitney U test in SPSS Statistics 20.0 (IBM Corp., USA). Compared to animals with normal physiological development, calves with IUGR were characterized by reduced levels of Cu (5.30 ± 0.61 vs. 7.09 ± 0.41, p = 0.018), Se (0.266 ± 0.032 vs. 0.373 ± 0.026, p = 0.007), and Zn (75.5 ± 12.2 vs. 104.8 ± 6.8, p = 0.045). The contents of other trace elements in the tail hair did not significantly differ between the groups. Thus, the trace element composition of the tail hair in IUGR calves has a specific profile that can be distinguished from that of a newborn with normal physiological development. The obtained results suggest that the intrauterine deficiency of Cu, Se, and Zn may be responsible for the genesis of IUGR in cattle. This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Grant 23–26-00,136.

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Intrauterine Fetal Retardation in Cows is Associated with a Trace Elements Deficiency in the Lower Volga Region, Russia

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Vladimir Safonov,
  • Tatiana Ermilova,
  • Olga Kasharnaya,
  • Anton Chernitskiy

摘要

Screening of the elemental composition of hair in newborn calves is one noninvasive method to assess the availability of trace elements in animals during the prenatal ontogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trace element contents in the tail hair of newborn calves with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and in subjects with normal physiological development, which can enhance our understanding of the role of natural trace elements deficiency in the genesis of IUGR in cattle. The research was conducted in the Lower Volga Region (Russia); this region has soils and pasture plants that are deficient in selenium, copper, and cobalt. Eighteen Simmental calves with IUGR and 24 healthy individuals with normal physiological development were examined on the 1st day after birth. IUGR was diagnosed based on an ultrasound examination (Easi-Scan-3 scanner, BCF Technology Ltd., UK) of mothers at 38–45, 60–65, and 110–115 days of gestation according to a protocol previously established and published. The quantitative contents of trace elements (As, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn) in the tail hair were determined by mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (Nexion 300D, Perkin Elmer, USA). Results were presented as the mean ± standard error of mean, in μg/g. The significant differences between groups were determined using the independent-samples Mann–Whitney U test in SPSS Statistics 20.0 (IBM Corp., USA). Compared to animals with normal physiological development, calves with IUGR were characterized by reduced levels of Cu (5.30 ± 0.61 vs. 7.09 ± 0.41, p = 0.018), Se (0.266 ± 0.032 vs. 0.373 ± 0.026, p = 0.007), and Zn (75.5 ± 12.2 vs. 104.8 ± 6.8, p = 0.045). The contents of other trace elements in the tail hair did not significantly differ between the groups. Thus, the trace element composition of the tail hair in IUGR calves has a specific profile that can be distinguished from that of a newborn with normal physiological development. The obtained results suggest that the intrauterine deficiency of Cu, Se, and Zn may be responsible for the genesis of IUGR in cattle. This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Grant 23–26-00,136.