Textile products are consumed by all human beings, and with the growth of population, the production of textiles increases and ultimately pollution also increases. This industry was marked as one of the major industries contributing to environmental pollution. This chapter explicates an overview of the evolution of the textile and apparel industry, their conventional production practices, and their repercussion on humans and the environment. Lack of knowledge on environmental impact has led this industry to disaster. Further focus continues on understanding the facts and data about the hitches of the textile and clothing industry and their root cause for waste generation. This chapter discusses the current strategies adopted for extending sustainability in the textile and apparel industry from raw material sourcing to supply chain management. Possible measures of educating society about sustainable fashion and ethics in business will promote the textile and apparel industry.