An optimized supply chain is key to improving the quality of healthcare and addressing today's challenges. This transformation aims to enhance hospital processes, manage supply chain flows, improve performance and transparency, and integrate technological innovations. The research focuses on the necessity to optimize strategic, tactical, and operational decisions in the hospital supply chain. The methodology is based on a systematic review of relevant academic publications, selected using specific criteria from the Scopus database, which included 90 articles. The articles and period of analysis include 13 articles from the years 2016 to 2024. This article examines how technological innovation can optimize the hospital supply chain and to answer this question, an in-depth literature review was undertaken, examining current practices in hospital management. The authors identify technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things, which help streamline processes, control products in real-time, improve traceability, and enhance data security, to identify promising trends and innovations. The results show the effectiveness of these technologies in overcoming challenges such as IoT via sensors and monitoring systems to track inventory in real time and quickly detect anomalies, as well as blockchain for traceability and anti-counterfeiting, and AI combined with big data to improve demand forecasting and inventory optimization. This study highlights how the integration of these technologies promotes more transparent and agile logistics management.