As the global challenge of rising CO₂ emissions intensifies, the enhanced greenhouse effect has led to critical issues such as global warming, environmental shifts, and challenges in agricultural productivity. This growing concern highlights an urgent need for effective CO₂ sequestration. Despite numerous efforts targeting CO₂ capture and storage, carbon footprints continue to rise, particularly in developed countries, with increasing trends also seen in developing nations. This ongoing issue underscores the necessity for innovative techniques to minimize CO₂ emissions and mitigate their impact. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising tool in this area, offering significant advantages due to the high surface area of nanoscale materials. This chapter explores the role of nanomaterials as a cutting-edge solution for carbon capture and sequestration, underscoring their critical contributions to climate change mitigation and sustainable practices. With unique physicochemical properties, nanomaterials provide a transformative platform for enhancing CO₂ adsorption and conversion processes. The chapter delves into the key concepts and applications of various nanomaterial-based approaches, including adsorption on nanoporous frameworks, chemisorption, and electrochemical conversion. Through a detailed analysis, it presents the potential of nanotechnology to advance CO₂ management solutions, fostering sustainable and impactful climate action.