Radiation oncology, a crucial component of cancer treatment, faces significant access disparities globally, particularly in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This chapter outlines the essential role of radiation therapy in managing both non-metastatic and metastatic cancers, highlighting its necessity for over 50% of solid tumors and specific conditions like cervical cancer. Despite its importance, many LMICs lack the necessary equipment and trained professionals to deliver effective radiotherapy. The chapter discusses innovative strategies to bridge these gaps, including the need for comprehensive training programs, international collaborations, and investments in infrastructure. It also emphasizes the economic benefits of expanding radiotherapy access and the critical role of medical physicists, dosimetrists, radiation therapists, and oncology nurses in providing high-quality care. The chapter concludes with a call to action for global efforts to address equipment and human resource shortages, aiming to reduce the global cancer burden through improved radiotherapy access.