Microalgae comprise a diverse group of eukaryotic photosynthetic microorganisms that have stood out for their abilities to generate a large number of organic compounds, leading them to be classified as bio-factories. Therefore, they have aroused the interest of industries such as pharmaceuticals, food processing, cosmetics, energy, agro-industrial, aquaculture, etc., and they are used in applications of high commercial value. Its use stands out in the production of energy, wastewater purification, food supplements, vitamins, fatty acids, pigments, and others. However, it is necessary to identify the correct microalgae, as well as the appropriate growth conditions, to be able to bring them to production on an industrial scale. Currently, lines of research have been developed around microalgae focused on studying the enzymes involved in the various biological processes they carry out to produce compounds of industrial interest. In this sense, a large number of enzymes have been identified, and different activities that can be applied in various agricultural, food, and energy processes have been shown.