Contributions to a Materialist Critique of Cultural Heritage
摘要
Cultural heritage is interpreted as a consequence of the nationalisms of the nineteenth century. In contrast, in this text we will argue that in order to develop a materialist critique of cultural heritage it is necessary to derive the form of cultural heritage from capitalist relations and not so much from the nationalisms of past centuries; therefore it is necessary to analyze its role in the process of capitalist accumulation: (1) start from the position that a critique of Cultural Heritage must analyse its role in the process of capitalist accumulation and highlight the role of cultural heritage in the reproductive process of capital, (2) relate the practices of Cultural Heritage to the expansion of capital and (3) as a consequence, derive the form of cultural heritage from the social relations of capital. Drawing from the experience of the reclaiming Kastelli Hill movement—a collective action that flourished in Chania (southern Greece) in order to defense Kastelli Hill from its hotelisation, as was sold to a hotel company, despite the fact that archaeological remains have been found on the site (ancient city of Kydonia) and, above all, while it constitutes a common space (Rosa Nera squat)—we argue that practices of cultural heritage was followed by two processes: First, the disappearance of class domination under the “innocent” realm of memory. Second, the elimination of “everyday life” both through the hierarchical prioritization of the past over the present, and through the segregation of the spaces linked to the past and its transformation into a commodity.