This chapter proposes a theoretical framework for understanding iconoclasm as a critical recognition of monuments’ role in reinforcing subjection to dominant ideology. It examines how ideological subjection is materialised and sustained through monuments and considers iconoclasm as an acknowledgement of the material existence of ideology within these structures. Challenging perspectives within the academic discourse that minimise the significance and scope of iconoclasm, this analysis offers an alternative interpretation of iconoclastic acts as responses rooted in specific historical conjunctures. Viewed as a product of the conjuncture, iconoclasm emerges as a reaction to the conditions and contradictions of the time, revealing their dialectical nature. By situating iconoclasm within its historical and ideological context, the chapter underscores its dynamic role in exposing and contesting hegemonic narratives.