The development of eco-cosmeceutical products is an emerging trend in the cosmetic industry. Microbes, including bacteria, algae, and fungus, have been the subject of intense research as a potential source of several cosmeceuticals’ relevant composites, such as hyaluronic acid, enzymes, peptides, natural colors, surfactants, exopolysaccharides, and other secondary peptides, among other natural sources. Microbial proteolytic enzymes are being studied as efficient exfoliators and skin-brightening agents. Also, some antimicrobial peptides are used to treat acne caused by acne bacteria. The use of natural pigments from microbial sources is of great interest to cosmetic companies for their use in lipsticks and eye shadows due to their antioxidant and antiaging properties that produce beautiful colors, red, yellow, and green pigments, respectively. Apart from skincare, there is a huge scope for extracting microbial cosmeceutical products including shampoo, conditioners, and hair removal products. Bacteriocins and important vitamins from lactic acid bacteria and microalgae are good for hair follicle health. Eco-friendly cosmetics promote responsible consumption by reducing environmental impact, and fostering innovation in sustainable production processes therefore contributes to Sustainable Development Goals. Besides these findings, the development of such products needs extensive research to ensure the safety and dosage optimization before marketing such products.