Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a rare neuropathic pain condition highlighted by distinct abnormalities in one or more limbs. CRPS is categorized into two types based on the presence or absence of known nerve injury preceding symptoms. While the cause is unknown, several mechanisms have been proposed including dysfunction of the sympathetic nervous system, sensory pathways, and immune system. Diagnostic algorithms have been utilized to fully characterize CRPS based on various signs and symptoms, the presence of trauma, continuity of pain, and more. Treatment is focused on education, physical rehabilitation, psychological intervention, and pain control through both pharmacologic and interventional methods.