This chapter introduces the research background and intended contribution of a study on contemporary art therapy in Australian prisons, shaped by the first author’s lived and living experiences as a former inmate and artist. The chapter highlights the transformative potential of art therapy programs, such as the “Change the Design of Your Life” initiative, in fostering rehabilitation, reducing recidivism, and addressing systemic challenges within prison environments. It outlines the interdisciplinary mixed-methods approach used to evaluate the program’s impact, including qualitative and quantitative analyses, and positions the research within the broader context of Australia’s historical and cultural incarceration landscape. The chapter identifies significant gaps in the literature and introduces the chapter contents and structure of the book Therapeutic Prison Art Interventions: Empirical Perspectives while pointing to its capacity to inform policy, practice, and future therapeutic interventions.