The landside slope of levees was exposed to the scour erosion induced by storm surge overflow with more typhoons. This study aimed to reveal the erosion features on landside slope of a levee during surge overflow. Different experimental conditions based on flume test were designed to explore the influence of levee structural parameters on landside slope of a levee, including levee crest width and landside slope. Experimental data was used to predict the erosion features of levees landside slope by backpropagation network (BPN) model. Different performance metrics were employed to assess the model fitness and accuracy of BPN model in predicting different erosion features. Results indicated that increasing the width of levee crest and landside slope led to the increase of equilibrium scour depth and length. And BPN model could predict these erosion features accurately and effectively. This study could provide a scientific basis for the safety assessment and protection of levees under extreme conditions.