The role of the school physician in the U.S. has existed for over a century; however, the role itself and who serves in this role has shifted considerably over time. From a public health professional charged with mitigating the spread of infectious disease to an advocate for students with chronic health needs and disabilities, the only thing constant about the school physician role is the effort to promote the health of students in schools. The current functions of a school physician entail administration and planning, liaison to community physicians, direct service, clinical consultation, policy consultation, health education, public relations, and advocacy. School physicians expand on the work performed by school nursing by developing community partnerships, providing professional development, developing new standing orders, helping to manage infectious disease outbreaks, and advocating for additional school resources.