Focusing on the migration of academics in a globalized world, this chapter introduces the literature on international academic mobility and its positionality within higher education studies and the global higher education landscape. This chapter also discusses how academic mobility in Japan has been conditioned by institutional and national internationalization policies and schemes that attracted an influx of international students and migrated academics in the past decades. The arrival of these international educational and academic migrants has led to unprecedented cultural diversity in Japanese campuses and society.