The cultural layers of ancient settlements are preserved in situ in many settlement-type monuments. Built into the system of natural horizons, cultural layers are objects of both paleo-soil science (as soils) and archeology (as cultural layers with artifacts). These are anthropogenically transformed horizons that have existed up to this day. We studied the Bronze Age cultural layers of the Kamenny Brod multilayer settlement located in the Arkaim valley on the south of the Chelyabinsk region. The settlement is an unfortified satellite of the Arkaim settlement, and the main archeological horizon is represented by Sintashta culture. The sections of the settlement consist of the Neolithic, Bronze Age, and modern soil layers. The enrichment of the main cultural layer with organic matter and phosphates was studied. The distributions of the studied properties by area for the excavation fragment are presented in this paper. We found that the enrichment of the phosphate-enriched layer correlates well with the archeological layers. Increased mobile phosphate contents were found both inside dwellings and in inter-dwelling spaces. Enrichment of organic matter in the study area was found at stove complexes inside dwellings and outside walls. At the same time, the areas outside dwellings enriched with phosphate and organic matter do not coincide, which indicates a different character of the ancient use of these spaces. The clarity of the economic and domestic use of structures is characteristic of this settlement, both inside and outside the dwellings. This settlement is characterized by neatness and consistency of clear economic use of space both inside and outside the dwellings.