Vascular grafting represents a highly rewarding technique to restore the blood flow. The autologous saphenous vein remains the undisputed gold standard for small-diameter substitutes. Blood conduits of biological sources that were chemically treated faded out, whereas the self-grown arterial regeneration became rapidly obsolete. The Teflon prostheses as textile fabrics were rapidly abandoned but were reintroduced as a microporous material, whose results are considered acceptable in femoroiliac, femoropopliteal and axillofemoral bypasses. The polyester (Dacron) prostheses proved to be resistant to degradation in vivo. The woven devices have been moderately modified over the last six decades. The weft-knitted devices require mandatory preclotting. They proved to be fragile. Warp-knitted grafts turned out to be a milestone as they became the gold standard. Nowadays, preference is given to fabrics impregnated with bioerodible materials. Cell seeding to guarantee prostacyclin synthesis is nowadays practically abandoned. The polyurethane conduits can be considered a myth of Sisyphus. All the polyurethanes were degraded during the long-term implantation. The concept of fully bioengineered devices met the expectations experimentally and was limited to arteriovenous fistula. The attempts to further improve the performances of the current blood conduits are very poorly focused.