This chapter explores Public choice theory (PCT) as an explanatory framework for understanding political correctness (PC). By leveraging methodological individualism and rational choice theory, PCT offers an unromanticised perspective on political actors, emphasising their pursuit of self-interest, both narrowly materialistic and ideologically motivated. This chapter examines foundational aspects of PCT, such as rational ignorance, expressive behaviour, rent-seeking and the logic of collective action, to elucidate the interplay between individual incentives and collective dynamics. The analysis integrates ideological considerations into the PCT framework, highlighting their role in shaping PC-driven behaviour. Furthermore, the chapter discusses how bureaucracies and interest groups leverage rent-seeking strategies to advance PC norms, often at societal costs. This application of PCT underscores the multifaceted motivations underpinning PC and its broader implications for governance and public policy.