Various neuroimaging modalities are effective in detecting structural, metabolic, and functional changes in patients with migraine with aura. However, the specificity and validation of these findings remain underexplored in the literature. Additionally, neuroimaging study results are often inconsistent due to factors such as small sample sizes, heterogeneous patient selection criteria, diverse clinical manifestations of migraine with aura, and variability in neuroimaging post-processing techniques. This chapter aims to consolidate the current efforts to elucidate the pathomechanisms of migraine with aura and its subtypes, with the hope that the presented findings and conclusions will inspire further research in this field.