Headache experts should have a deep understanding of imaging modalities to diagnose complex headache cases and excel in headache research to uncover new pathophysiological mechanisms. While computed tomography remains vital for diagnosing acute secondary headaches, magnetic resonance imaging is indispensable for confirming primary headache disorders with concerning symptoms. Although magnetic resonance imaging dominates headache research, particularly in migraine studies, it is important to note that no single method can provide all the necessary information. Instead, the integration of multiple imaging modalities is essential for a comprehensive understanding of various headache disorders. Therefore, this chapter focuses on imaging techniques relevant to headache diagnosis and research.