Nanoclays are one of the most promising materials developed in the biomedical field as they contribute to improving the modern healthcare system. This chapter focuses on the general characteristics of nanoclays, including high specific surface area, biocompatibility, and the availability of modified surface functions that enable them to perform in various biomedical systems. The literature overview shows that diverse nanoclays have played different roles in drug delivery systems due to their property of encapsulating several therapeutic agents they release in a controlled and targeted manner. Other topics covered in this chapter include using nanoclays to enhance mechanical properties and cell-adhesive characteristics and the incorporation of nanoclays into tissue engineering scaffolds. Moreover, the applicability of nanoclays in diagnostic platforms because of their outstanding sensitivity and selectivity increases their ability to detect disease biomarkers, which is also presented. The potential of nanoclays in wound healing with reference to their moisture retention capacity, antimicrobial character, and ability to enhance the rate of tissue repair has also been exploited. However, problems like large-scale manufacturing, biocompatibility sustainability, and governmental barriers are discussed, offering readers a generalized current scenario and futuristic development options for nanoclay’s application in the biomedical field. This chapter is a reminder that nanoclays dramatically transform medical treatments and benefit patients due to their unique biomedical applications.