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In the wake of the alarming 2021 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in addressing climate change challenges is gaining prominence. The IPCC’s findings underscore the urgent need for global collaboration, policy reforms, and innovative solutions that align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). AI, originally defined as replicating tasks at which humans excel, has evolved considerably, with ML enabling computers to learn from data patterns. Recent research has emphasized the alignment of AI models with climate change mitigation strategies and sustainable development strategies, especially in forecasting, climate modeling, and environmental protection. In Brazil, the Ministry for Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) is mandated to allocate a budget for technological advancement, highlighting the potential to incorporate AI and ML in their climate change strategies. This chapter aims to address: How can governments utilize AI and ML for informed decision-making and effective public policies to counteract climate change impacts? By integrating these technologies, governments can optimize resource use, enhance predictive modeling, and enact timely interventions. The chapter introduces scalable solutions using open-source tools, underscoring the transformative potential of AI and ML in global climate change mitigation efforts.

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Climate Change and Artificial Intelligence: Leveraging Machine Learning for Informed Policy-Making and Sustainable Solutions

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Gisleine Aver,
  • Valdemiro da Rocha Júnior,
  • Jorge Gustavo Sandoval Simão,
  • Artur Marques,
  • Ana Regina de Aguiar Dutra,
  • Leandro dos Santos Coelho,
  • José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório de Andrade Guerra

摘要

In the wake of the alarming 2021 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in addressing climate change challenges is gaining prominence. The IPCC’s findings underscore the urgent need for global collaboration, policy reforms, and innovative solutions that align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). AI, originally defined as replicating tasks at which humans excel, has evolved considerably, with ML enabling computers to learn from data patterns. Recent research has emphasized the alignment of AI models with climate change mitigation strategies and sustainable development strategies, especially in forecasting, climate modeling, and environmental protection. In Brazil, the Ministry for Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) is mandated to allocate a budget for technological advancement, highlighting the potential to incorporate AI and ML in their climate change strategies. This chapter aims to address: How can governments utilize AI and ML for informed decision-making and effective public policies to counteract climate change impacts? By integrating these technologies, governments can optimize resource use, enhance predictive modeling, and enact timely interventions. The chapter introduces scalable solutions using open-source tools, underscoring the transformative potential of AI and ML in global climate change mitigation efforts.