Artificial IntelligenceArtificial intelligence (AI) (AI), like gunpowder once did, is set to revolutionise our daily lives. And like gunpowder and nuclear technology, AIArtificial intelligence (AI) is a dual-use technology. It can be used for civilian and military purposes. AIArtificial intelligence (AI) is focused on making machines intelligent, where machines determine the best course of action to achieve previously set goals. As far as the civilian sector is concerned, it can help, among many other applications, medicine to provide better diagnoses. And in the military sector, it is expected to transform many aspects of the military by enhancing modern warfare equipment and techniques with autonomous functionalities (Payne, I, Warbot, Hurst Publishers, London, 2021 p.1). Today, air defence systems already have significant autonomous capabilities. For instance, the next generation of fighter aircraft is being developed with a clear focus on intelligent autonomous components (Boulanin, V., and Verbruggen, M. 2017. Mapping the Development of Autonomy in Weapon Systems. Stockholm: SIPRI.; Holland Michel, The Black Box, Unlocked: Predictability and Understandability in Military AI, UN Institute for Disarmament Research, Geneva, 2020). It is postulated that having an edge in AIArtificial intelligence (AI) capabilities will undoubtedly translate into strategic military advantages (c.f. Scharre, Wiliiams and Scharre (eds), Autonomous Systems: Issues for Defence Policymakers, NATO Communications and Information Agency, The Hague, 2017; Horrowitz, M. C. 2018. The Algorithms of August. Foreign Policy. https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/09/12/will-the-united-states-lose-the-artificial-intelligence-arms-race/ (Last accessed 22/09/2021).).