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Systems thinkingSystems thinking is complementary to conventional analytical thinkingAnalytical thinking. In systems thinkingSystems thinking, we see the world as a set of interacting systemsSystem. Often, a systemSystem is complex and includes emergent propertiesProperty (of a system) for which we do not have theoriesTheory. EmergenceEmergence is a joint result of nonlinearityNonlinearity and feedbackFeedback. The goal of all scienceScience is the unity of knowledgeKnowledge, which we can approach using interdisciplinary researchResearch. In the systems thinkingSystems thinking, we must use well-tested system modelsSystem models, called system archetypesSystem archetypes, that are useful in many disciplinesDiscipline. Most systemsSystem are open systemsOpen system, not isolated. One crucial system archetypeSystem archetypes is feedbackFeedback, which we use in learningLearning and researchResearch. The feedbackFeedback loop needs a goalGoal (reference input) to be stable. In learningLearning and researchResearch that goalGoal (reference input) is the real worldReal world with a limited scopeScope. Education and researchResearch aim to form an accurate picture of the world through a theoryTheory or a modelModel.

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Introduction

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Aarne Mämmelä

摘要

Systems thinkingSystems thinking is complementary to conventional analytical thinkingAnalytical thinking. In systems thinkingSystems thinking, we see the world as a set of interacting systemsSystem. Often, a systemSystem is complex and includes emergent propertiesProperty (of a system) for which we do not have theoriesTheory. EmergenceEmergence is a joint result of nonlinearityNonlinearity and feedbackFeedback. The goal of all scienceScience is the unity of knowledgeKnowledge, which we can approach using interdisciplinary researchResearch. In the systems thinkingSystems thinking, we must use well-tested system modelsSystem models, called system archetypesSystem archetypes, that are useful in many disciplinesDiscipline. Most systemsSystem are open systemsOpen system, not isolated. One crucial system archetypeSystem archetypes is feedbackFeedback, which we use in learningLearning and researchResearch. The feedbackFeedback loop needs a goalGoal (reference input) to be stable. In learningLearning and researchResearch that goalGoal (reference input) is the real worldReal world with a limited scopeScope. Education and researchResearch aim to form an accurate picture of the world through a theoryTheory or a modelModel.