This chapter has two major aims. On the one hand, it advances the original analytical framework of the book by providing theoretical arguments that support the idea that personality traits could drive acceptance of state surveillance. On the other hand, it presents the research design of the book. The original contribution of this chapter is that it represents the first attempt to integrate the theory of personality traits into an analytical framework to explain the acceptance of state surveillance. To date, only very few studies have sought to explain the relation between personality traits and concerns about privacy or workplace surveillance, but none of them has analyzed if and how these elements predict if someone is more or less likely to accept state surveillance.