The intricate global system's natural and artificial configurations constitute endlessly interactive and interrelated manifold subsystems that influence each other’s functions. The fact “reality understanding is an essential basis for intervention and improvement” made management of these systems very challenging. Recently, the accelerated global landscape changes, such as the constantly transforming land use and land cover structures, growing urbanization, deforestation, and the overall environmental degradation, have combined with climatic instability and population growth, to impose excessive pressure on the world’s finite resources and exhausted ecosystems. This urged sustainability efforts that necessitate wiser policies toward environment and resources. Computerization, informatics, and communication advancements, on the other hand, have profoundly transformed and affected the various science fields and become increasingly deployed in many of their processes and practices, especially data collection, archiving, and analytics for decision-making enhancement. Taking advantage of tremendous data science capabilities and making use of massive obtainable data and knowledge bases, advanced spatial decision-making frameworks emerged in environmental and resources management sectors; in both academia and enterprise institutions, to support and equip administrative work with informed data-driven decisions, i.e., appearance of various spatial decision support systems (SDSSs) platforms. SDSSs are computer-based tools that assist users in making informed decisions by integrating geographic data and analytical capabilities to solve spatial problems and support planning and decision-making processes. This chapter aims to overview the ecological, resource-human interactions and resulting resource misery. And to elaborate the basic concepts, theoretical foundations, essentiality, and tremendous potentiality of geospatial technologies for natural resources decision support.