Nanoprecision medicineMedicine is rapidly developing in which the nanoscale materials aid as diagnostic tools or serve in targeting of therapeutic agents in controlled fashion. Currently nanotechnologyNanotechnology expanded its wings in immunotherapy, chemotherapy and as biological agents. The nanoparticlesNanoparticle are advanced targeted drug deliveryTargeted drug delivery systems with improved solubility and bioavailabilityBioavailability with active role in treating disease including dreadful diseases like cancer. Thus the design and development involves the compatibility of formulation ingredients and precise process parameters that monitor the physicochemical and biological nature. Yet the physicalPhysical and chemical methodsChemical method offer advantage of precise monitoring of sizeSize and efficacyEfficacy with moderate drug release, the methodMethods suffer lack of bioavailabilityBioavailability and toxicityToxicity. Advancing towards its approachApproach in formulation has even formulated natural biomarkers or products in improving their efficacyEfficacy and also as selective diagnostic aid. Thus the green methodsMethods or biological methodMethods is present trend which involves creation of nanoparticlesNanoparticle using the nonsyntheticNonsynthetic or greener materials derived fromPlant-microbe interactions plants and microbesMicrobes. This methodMethods creates environment friendlyEnvironment friendly non-toxic with improved physicochemical propertiesProperties and enhanced drug release. Thus the promotion of greener material s in encapsulating nanoparticleNanoparticle has proven a major research outcome and also commercial target potential in treatment of diseases with ease. This review provides the comprehensive approachApproach ofNon-biological approach non-biological approachBiological approach over the conventional methodsMethods, proving the safe and targeted drug deliveryTargeted drug delivery in disease management.