This chapter begins with an explanation of the melting stock, mixing ratio, and their effects on the environment, including recent data on the effects of lead (Pb) on public health. Here various flux and slag-forming materials are also introduced. Electric arc furnace (EAF), induction furnace, crucible furnace, and cupola have been discussed. The capacities of these furnaces as well as their ability to melt different types of metals/alloys are presented in the form of a table. The electrical arc furnace is explained with the aid of sketch. Mathematical models are presented for calculating the EAF capacity, the amount of scrap to be charged, the addition of ferroalloys, and the beneficial effects of hot metal (HM) charging on the economy and environment. Electrical-engineering analysis of EAF is also presented with the aid of an electric circuit diagram and the relevant mathematical models and calculations. The induction furnace is illustrated and analyzed with both technological and business perspectives. The standard energy consumption (in kWh/ton) for various metals/alloys is tabulated and the monthly cost of electricity has been calculated based on unit price ($ x/kWh). This chapter contains 24 worked numerical examples, 6 diagrams, 4 tables, 12 formulae/equations, and 7 MCQs with answers.