This chapter provides an extensive coverage of modern technologies and their applications in Earth Sciences which address global issues. Big data, satellite systems, and geoinformatics for better observation and management of Earth domains are showcased after the introduction to Earth Sciences. Climate change, hydrogeology, and geohazard management all focus on the critical function that this discipline has in risk management and promotion of sustainable development through achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Others use predictive modelling and data analysis tools, artificial intelligence, and machine learning for advanced analyses of biogeochemical systems shall be emphasized as well. The chapter lastly summarizes some of the upholsterers as brief conversations that the future has with regard to cross-border collaborative efforts in technological advancement and development earth sciences towards tackling global concerns on climate change.