Nuclear fusion is the power of the sun and all shining stars in the universe. Controlled nuclear fusion toward ultimate energy sources for human beings has been developed intensively worldwide over this half a century. A fusion power plant is free from concern of exhaustion of fuels and production of CO2. Therefore, it has a very attractive potential to be eternal fundamental energy sources and will contribute to resolving problems of climate change and further climate restoration. Recent progress of fusion research and development is pronounced, such as the demonstration of fusion energy production of 69 MJ on Joint European Torus (JET) and ignition with fusion gain of 1.5 on National Ignition Facility (NIF). On the other hand, unresolved critical issues in physics and engineering still remain. It will take another several decades to realize a fusion power plant by integration of advanced science and engineering such as control of high-temperature plasma exceeding 100 million °C and breeding technology of tritium by generated neutrons. The research and development has entered the phase of engineering demonstration to extract 500 MW of thermal energy from fusion reaction in the 2030s. While the roadmaps by the public initiatives have define that demonstration of electric power generation by 2050 is targeted, aggressive ahead actions are launched by emerging private sectors with huge investment. Together with increasing political demand for carbon neutrality by 2050, the momentum for early realization of nuclear fusion energy is being accelerated.