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There are too many unknowns around the explosive growth of cyber-physical technology applications that it needs a hard conversation around ethics of the unknown. Different studies predict growth from digital transformation of around 20–50% over the next decade. The situation becomes alarming as decision-making shifts from humans to machines that can learn to act autonomously, without fear of penalty. It is unreasonable for us to expect such machines to be “ethically neutral.” Gartner notes that 85% of all artificial intelligence (AI) will be biased in 2022 (https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2018-02-13-gartner-says-nearly-half-of-cios-are-planning-to-deploy-artificial-intelligence). The technology development community needs guidance and control. All the ethical considerations that have evolved through the third revolution are still valid. So, the additional ethical principles for handling this next revolution should build on existing ethics framework in use, within the organization and long-standing norms, and values in the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) sector. The topic is likely to be a long-drawn out debate, with continuously evolving perspectives from successful technology disruptors with equally plausible opposing perspectives. The objective of this chapter is to present multiple perspectives, raise a few questions, and discuss a few possibilities, with an intent to kick off a hard discussion around ethics in NDE 4.0 so that over the next few years the professional community can develop guidance on how to identify and address ethical situations of the cyber-physical ecosystem. To keep the scope of this chapter to a manageable length, we will not rehash what has been well published around traditional NDE business ethics, such as employees, ecology, consumers, marketing, or business models, which are well addressed by NDT societies. We urge every user of the Handbook in pursuit of digital transformation to read this chapter, because in some sense it is our ethical duty and professional responsibility to proactively identify and remove the potential for harm from advancing the technology frontier.

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Ethics in NDE 4.0: Perspectives and Possibilities

  • 工具书词条

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Ripudaman Ripi Singh,
  • Tracie Clifford

摘要

There are too many unknowns around the explosive growth of cyber-physical technology applications that it needs a hard conversation around ethics of the unknown. Different studies predict growth from digital transformation of around 20–50% over the next decade. The situation becomes alarming as decision-making shifts from humans to machines that can learn to act autonomously, without fear of penalty. It is unreasonable for us to expect such machines to be “ethically neutral.” Gartner notes that 85% of all artificial intelligence (AI) will be biased in 2022 (https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2018-02-13-gartner-says-nearly-half-of-cios-are-planning-to-deploy-artificial-intelligence). The technology development community needs guidance and control. All the ethical considerations that have evolved through the third revolution are still valid. So, the additional ethical principles for handling this next revolution should build on existing ethics framework in use, within the organization and long-standing norms, and values in the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) sector. The topic is likely to be a long-drawn out debate, with continuously evolving perspectives from successful technology disruptors with equally plausible opposing perspectives. The objective of this chapter is to present multiple perspectives, raise a few questions, and discuss a few possibilities, with an intent to kick off a hard discussion around ethics in NDE 4.0 so that over the next few years the professional community can develop guidance on how to identify and address ethical situations of the cyber-physical ecosystem. To keep the scope of this chapter to a manageable length, we will not rehash what has been well published around traditional NDE business ethics, such as employees, ecology, consumers, marketing, or business models, which are well addressed by NDT societies. We urge every user of the Handbook in pursuit of digital transformation to read this chapter, because in some sense it is our ethical duty and professional responsibility to proactively identify and remove the potential for harm from advancing the technology frontier.