This chapter explores the interdisciplinary field of Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) and its critical role in shaping educational experiences. HCI bridges the gap between humans and technological systems by designing interfaces that are intuitive, accessible and effective for diverse users. The chapter examines the evolution of HCI, tracing its origins from early graphical user interfaces to contemporary technologies such as virtual and augmented reality, adaptive systems, and AI-driven applications. Special emphasis is placed on the human element, including the cognitive, cultural, and physical factors that influence interaction, as well as the role of technology in adapting to user needs. The interaction between human users and machines is explored in detail, with attention to usability, accessibility, and the incorporation of adaptive features through AI and machine learning. Emerging challenges, such as designing for inclusivity and addressing the “black box” nature of complex systems, are highlighted. Moreover, the chapter discusses the ethical considerations of HCI, including issues of trust, privacy, and the prevention of algorithmic bias. This chapter provides a comprehensive foundation for understanding the principles and advancements in HCI, with a focus on its application in education, ensuring systems are user-centric, equitable, and responsive to the evolving needs of learners in the digital age.