Human Exposure to Vinyl Chloride
摘要
Vinyl chloride is released into the environment from the plastics industry—emissions to the atmosphere or wastewater in surface waters. Also, it is released as a product of decomposition of chlorinated solvents in landfills as landfill gas. Also, in daily life, VCM is released from plastic bottles, toys, kitchen utensils, food wrappers, wallpaper, pipes, car interiors, bathroom tiles, and cigarettes. Vinyl chloride is used to a lesser extent in the production of chlorinated solvents and the production of ethylene diamine for the production of resins. The general population can be exposed to VCM/PVC through inhalation of contaminated air, ingestion of contaminated drinking water, consumption of contaminated food, and dermal contact. Vinyl chloride causes liver angiosarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Its urinary metabolites are vinyl chloride and thiodiglycolic acid.