Hydrogeological Characterization of the San Giovanni Spring (Castelluccio Inferiore, Basilicata Region)
摘要
The main aim of this study is to identify strategic groundwater resources belonging to the hydrostructure of the northern sector of Lauria Mountains, in particular, the groundwater of the La Spina—Zaccana Mounts limestone-dolomite aquifer, to allocate for drinking water supply during water emergency conditions. The investigations carried out highlight that the aquifer geometry, the groundwater circulation, and the groundwater emergencies are closely connected to the geostructural and karst arrangement. The structural elements present in the hydrostructure, such as faults, tectonic contacts, rock fissuring and fracturing, and karst evidence, define deep groundwater flow and determine hydrodynamic characteristics of the spring. The groundwater flow, predominantly in the NW–SE direction, feeds the several emergencies of the San Giovanni spring front located along a steep slope between 480 and 504 m a.s.l., with a discharge rate of around 550 L/s, of which only around 150 L/s are used for drinking purposes. The remaining rate is not captured and could be utilized as strategic groundwater resources.