The petrological and geochemical characterization of the travertine deposits associated with the headwaters of the Guardal river (Granada, South Spain) has been carried out to know the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic implications of the presence of these carbonates in this context. The mineralogy is mainly carbonate. The other mineral phases present correspond to silicates and exceptionally minority amounts of iron oxides and oxy-hydroxides, which in general come from the erosion of the existing materials in the area. The δ18O values of between −7 and −9 ‰ (V-PDB), are compatible with an origin of the travertines from meteoric waters. Values of δ13C of −7 to −10 ‰ (V-PDB) are indicative of a CO2 provenance from atmospheric origin and edaphic contribution. Dating by the U/Th method allows us to differentiate four generations of travertines, the oldest between 120,000 and 140,000 years that can be assigned to MIS 5e, another generation between 80,000 years (MIS 5a), another stage between 30,000 years (MIS 3) and the last younger one that would correspond between 20,000 years and 18,000 years (MIS 2). Calculations of paleotemperatures from isotopic δ18O values of travertine and δ18O of present-day waters yield values similar to those described for present-day waters in the headwaters of the Guardal river. The facies, crystalline morphologies, mineralogical and geochemical compositions, as well as carbon, oxygen isotopic signals suggest that these deposits were formed from waters with temperatures between 10–15 ºC, supersaturated in CaCO3 and with Mg, Fe, Na, Cl and Si contents.