Migrants face significant challenges through their journey, including poor living conditions and limited access to healthcare, which put them at increased risk of developing infectious diseases prevalent in the region, such as dengue, malaria, HIV, hepatitis B, and tuberculosis. This chapter offers an overview of the intersection between migration and infectious diseases in Latin America by providing a detailed analysis of the epidemiological landscape and clinical characteristics of the most significant infectious diseases in the region. We explore the specific health challenges faced by migrants and examine innovative strategies and models for screening, preventing, and managing infectious diseases in this population. Additionally, we discuss recent outbreaks of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases associated with migration, highlighting their implications for public health and global disease control.