Migration can be considered as a determinant that affects health conditions and has an impact on inequalities and inequities in oral health among the migrant population. Although oral health indicators, such as dental caries and periodontal disease, are considered public health problems due to their magnitude and severity, and because they affect particularly vulnerable groups, the impact of migration on oral health has been insufficiently explored in Latin America. This chapter discusses the importance of studying migration and its relationship with oral health from the perspective of the social determinants of health and considering the context of south-south migration. A review of the main studies conducted in this geographical context on oral epidemiological indicators is provided. A proposal for inclusion in the scientific agenda is presented to promote research into alternative methodologies for addressing the problems affecting oral health in this population, along with some strategies and public health policies based on the social realities experienced by these groups.