The AAP Task Force on SIDS (now the AAP Subcommittee on SUID) Policy Statement outlines the many components required for minimizing the risk of SUID for the healthy term infant. There are scenarios where the infant is not perfectly healthy. Some medical conditions present dilemmas for family and clinician because interventions thought to be beneficial may be at odds with safe sleep recommendations. In this chapter, we will review common health conditions and misconceptions about treatment that may lead families to deviate from safe sleep behaviors and how the clinician can discuss overcoming barriers to maintaining a safe sleep environment.