This chapter examines the development of coconut cultivars resistant to pests and diseases, a critical strategy for sustainable coconut production. It addresses major threats such as the coconut rhinoceros beetle, coconut mite, and lethal yellowing disease, highlighting their economic impact. The authors advocate for a multidisciplinary approach, integrating genetics, plant physiology, entomology, pathology, and ecology to enhance coconut resistance. The chapter reviews resistant cultivars like Malayan Dwarf and Vanuatu Tall, and explores advanced biotechnological techniques including genomics, transcriptomics, and marker-assisted selection for accelerating resistant cultivar development. It emphasizes the importance of understanding pest and disease bioecology for effective integrated pest management. By combining ecological insights with biotechnology, the chapter proposes a path forward for developing coconut varieties with broad-spectrum resistance, crucial for addressing evolving pest pressures and climate change challenges in coconut agriculture.