The current jadeite market has not yet established a unified standard for evaluating the color of green jadeite. Based on the theory and technique of green jadeite color grading by HSL chromaticity, machine vision method is proposed to be used in this study. Based on the chromaticity principle, this study quantifies the parametric index of green jadeite color by capturing the color of green jadeite samples with a color digital camera under a white light source of color temperature 5500 K and analyzing the HSL value for each sample image color based on the HSL color space model as the theoretical basis. In addition, the study also cast the obtained HSL values onto a two-dimensional SL image by different hue (H) to obtain the HSL distribution intervals of emerald green color and its chromatic characteristics, and to determine the HSL value boundaries of various color types of green emerald. Based on the above information, we can distinguish and determine the hue of green jadeite, classify the color intensity and brightness of green jadeite, and quantify the color type of green jadeite.