More than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas and it is expected to reach 70% in 25 years. At the same time, rising temperatures and extreme weather events lead to concerns in the climate change era. In this context, climate resilience, health, and equity are among the priorities for urban residents and city leaders. Even more interesting is that reports on urban threats pose these priorities higher than other health outcomes like food-borne diseases or chronic stress. This reveals an increasing concern on how climate change can negatively impact the overall quality of urban life given the lack of green spaces and the more frequent extreme heat events. Hence, this article provides a discussion on the climate-health vulnerabilities and their current state in urban areas. Following that, it discusses intelligent agents (IAs), an Artificial Intelligence technology, that can act autonomously and learn, providing a promising solution for urban resilience challenges. The proposed methodology uses a multi-agent approach to improve climate action strategies. It mainly focuses on health equity, air pollution, extreme heat, and floods, since they are increasingly frequent in urban areas. To this end, predictive analytics, real-time monitoring, personalized health interventions, resource allocation, and disaster response are some of the concepts that are studied. Finally, the article concludes by outlining factors that should be considered when IAs are deployed in urban applications and studies.