Hostipitality at the Mediterranean Border: Giulio Cavalli’s Carnaio
摘要
The Mediterranean border is not an anomaly in the globalized world but one of the many test cases that presage a widespread trend toward the proliferation of borders in an age in which it is alleged they are fading away. It is a space in which practices of control and strategies of bordering are elaborated, improved, and prepared for deployment elsewhere. In the current era of renewed territorialization, distinctions, exclusions, and limitations in which borders play a major role, it is important to turn our attention to issues related to border formation, border-crossing, and border hospitality. Within literary studies, it is fundamental to ponder the insights of border fiction in order to highlight the (re)increased relevance of borders in the twenty-first century, in a world that is at once globalized yet also intrinsically re-nationalized. In the present essay, through the analysis of Giulio Cavalli’s dystopian novel Carnaio [Carnage] (2018), I delve into the representation of the Mediterranean Sea as the epitome of conditional hospitality—or rather hostipitality—that serves to guarantee the absolute control of the host and to neutralize the uninvited guests into disposable entities of production. The novel describes a grotesque apocalyptic future where humanity has gone astray, hospitality resembles cannibalism, and assimilation into the host-society is synonymous with consumption, as the migrants’ life force and their bodies are extracted and incorporated into the production chain. The novel offers a space in which to think about hospitality as an asymmetrical system of appropriation and consumption, the indifference to the deaths of migrants, and the veil of indifference and self-interest that shields Europe’s horizon.